TXNRD1(thioredoxin reductase 1),癌症关联基因,基因ID:7296,该基因编码的蛋白属于吡啶核苷酸二硫氧化还原酶家族,是硫氧还蛋白(Trx)系统的成员。在哺乳动物中发现三个硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TrxR)同工酶。TrxRS是含硒半胱氨酸的黄素酶,它减少硫氧还蛋白,以及其他底物,并在氧化还原稳定中起关键作用。该基因编码一种广泛表达的细胞溶质形式的trxr,其在活性部位起着含有fad和硒代半胱氨酸(sec)的同二聚体的作用。sec由uga密码子编码,该密码子通常表示翻译终止。硒蛋白mRNAs的3’UTRs包含一个保守的茎环结构,即Sec插入序列(Sec is)元素,这对于将UGA识别为Sec密码子而不是停止信号是必要的选择性剪接,主要是在5’端,导致转录变体编码相同或不同的异构体,包括在睾丸中主要表达的谷胱甘肽氧合酶异构体。[由RefSeq提供,2017年5月]The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. TrxRs are selenocysteine-containing flavoenzymes, which reduce thioredoxins, as well as other substrates, and play a key role in redox homoeostasis. This gene encodes an ubiquitously expressed, cytosolic form of TrxR, which functions as a homodimer containing FAD, and selenocysteine (Sec) at the active site. Sec is encoded by UGA codo。