SPTA1（spectrin alpha， erythrocytic 1），癌症关联基因，基因ID：6708，该基因编码一个分子支架蛋白家族的成员，该家族将质膜与肌动蛋白细胞骨架连接起来，在决定细胞形状、跨膜蛋白的排列和细胞器的组织中发挥作用。编码蛋白主要由22个参与二聚体形成的谱蛋白重复序列组成。它是红细胞质膜的一个组成部分。该基因突变导致多种遗传性红细胞疾病，包括2型椭圆细胞增多症、嗜热粒细胞增多症和3型球形细胞增多症。[由RefSeq提供，2017年8月]This gene encodes a member of a family of molecular scaffold proteins that link the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton and functions in the determination of cell shape， arrangement of transmembrane proteins， and organization of organelles. The encoded protein is primarily composed of 22 spectrin repeats which are involved in dimer formation. It forms a component of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. Mutations in this gene result in a variety of hereditary red blood cell disorders， including elliptocytosis-2， pyropoikilocytosis， and spherocytosis， type 3. [provided by RefSeq， Aug 2017]。